The other category of mood disorders that I mentioned is bipolar disorders.

我之前提到过的另一个情感障碍是双相障碍
And as I said, bipolar disorder involves symptoms or periods of depression

就像我说得双相障碍包括了抑郁症的症状和周期
but then also distinct periods of the opposite of depression,

但也有一段与抑郁截然相反的周期
which we call "mania". So, the person cycles back and forth

就是我们说的"狂躁症" 那么病人在
between debilitating depressions and manic episodes.

意志消沉的抑郁症和狂躁症的两个状态中反复
So, let me describe manic episodes to you now.

我来描述一下狂躁期的特征
So, the first criterion is that instead of feeling down,

第一个特征不是感觉消沉
blue or depressed the person has an abnormally

忧郁或者抑郁相反的病人感受到
and persistently elevated expansive or irritable mood

不正常的长期兴奋开朗或易怒的情绪
that isn't just, again, a good day because you won a prize

这并不是某一天你赢了一个奖项
or got an "A," but rather, it's this unusually positive,

得了A的那种感觉而是不寻常的亢奋
expansive mood for at least one week persistently.

开朗的心情持续至少一周