This starts with the French Revolution.

这是从法国大革命开始的
After all, Valmy was the battle near the windmill in Chalon,

毕竟瓦尔米战役是在沙隆的风车附近
near Champagne in the east of France,

距法国东部的香槟不远
the Sans-Culottes going to war--was the leve en masse

是集体防御使那些无裤党人参与了战争
where ordinary people are full of enthusiasm in

他们满怀热情
singing patriotic songs or heading off to fight the enemy.

高唱凯歌远赴疆场
But the other side of this total war story is,

但全面战争的另一面是
of course, what happens to the civilian population?

平民怎么办
Napoleon once said in one of his rare moments of real introspection

拿破仑曾说过在他为数不多的反省中
that he didn't give a damn if a million people died because of him.

从未想过是否有千万人为他而死
He believed--part of his great failing is--a great weakness,

他认为那是一个巨大的过失
and the suffering of humanity because of it was his sense that

而人们的苦难则是因为他认为