来自《耶鲁大学开放课程：1945年后的美国小说 第20集》

• 
  
  --is a way for the culture to speak back to the literary.
  也算是文化与文学的一种沟通方式
• 
  
  So, I spend a lot of time in this class, and in my teaching in general,
  所以说我花费了大量的时间
• 
  
  and in my writing, talking about what books say to us.
  在教学和写作中研究作者要表达的意思
• 
  
  But what do we say back to those books as a society?
  但这个社会又是如何对待这些书地呢
• 
  
  Well, censorship and its companion,
  我们有审查制度和它的拥护者
• 
  
  censure, do a lot of that talking back.
  他们谴责书的内容 并竭尽全力反驳
• 
  
  So, there are two sides of access to literature.
  有两方面限制了文学
• 
  
  I've just been talking a little bit about market constraints on what can
  我简单说说市场约束下的
• 
  
  be published and read, and now I'm going to talk a little
  出版和阅读 然后再简单说说
• 
  
  bit about legal constraints.
  法律约束
• 
  
  I'm going to get back to the market constraints in a little while.
  我过会再回来说市场约束
• 
  
  Since the early twentieth century, a lot of the legal constraints on
  早在二十世纪 就不乏有关出版和销售