They can't remember something or they have some sort of blackouts and so on.

比如失忆了或是意识丧失什么的
And the analyst tells them something

精神分析师会向他们进行解释
and at one point they get this insight

最后他们会理解这样的想法
and they realize what— why they've blinded themselves, why they can't remember,

明白自己为何会失明或失忆
and for Freud this is what happens.

对弗洛伊德来说事情就是这个样子
Freud originally attempted to get these memories out

弗洛伊德起初试图通过催眠
through hypnosis

来唤起这些遗忘的记忆
but then moved to the mechanism of free association and,

但随后改用了自由联想机制
according to Freud, the idea is

弗洛伊德认为
patients offer resistance to this

病人会抗拒自由联想
and then the idea of a psychoanalyst

而精神分析学家的作用
is to get over the resistance

则是克服病人的抗拒