the study of individual psychology and individual pathology.

个体心理学和个体病理学的研究方面
Freud had a lot to say about dreams

正如幻灯片所示
as you could see in this illustration.

弗洛伊德对梦境做了大量阐释
He believed that dreams had a manifest content, meaning;

他认为梦是具有显性梦境的
"manifest" meaning what you experience in your dream.

"显性"是指醒后所能记忆的梦境
But dreams always had a latent content as well,

但梦还具有潜性梦境
meaning the hidden implication of the dream.

潜性梦境是指梦所隐藏的含义
He viewed all dreams as wish fulfillment.

他认为所有的梦境都是愿望的满足
Every dream you have is a certain wish you have

你做的每一个梦都是你所抱有愿望的展现
even though it might be a forbidden wish that you wouldn't wish to have,

即使这是个你并不想拥有的
you wouldn't want to have.

被禁止的愿望
And dreams had--and this is an idea that long predated Freud.

在弗洛伊德之前就有观点指出