and in particular its International Health Division--

特别是国际卫生司
the American Academy of Tropical Medicine,

美国热带医学学院
the American Society of Tropical Medicine.

美国热带医学学会
And in the U.S., there were a couple of distinctive features.

在美国有几个显要特点
One was the association of tropical medicine with the military,

一个热带医学与军事协会
and its leading figures, Walter Reed and William Gorgas,

它的领军人物沃尔特·里德和威廉·戈加斯
were in fact Army officers.

事实上都是军官
And it was in the Western hemisphere too

同时在西半球
that yellow fever replaced malaria

黄热病取代了疟疾
as the quintessential tropical disease.

成为典型的热带疾病
Some of the institutional links can be seen in specific cases.

可以看出在特定情况下一些机构的联系
An example that's recently been studied,

关于最近的研究的例子