So I'm going to leave the "s" off and call it backward induction,

在这里我用了去掉s的这种
but it's up to you which you think the correct English is.

你认为怎么写是对的就怎么写吧
Okay, so since we've got this game here let's talk about it a bit.

既然说到这了我们来进一步分析一下
This idea of the lender and the borrower,

这是有关借方和贷方的问题
it's not an unimportant situation.

它的重要性不容小视
We've simplified it down to a very simple choice here,

虽然我们这里把它简化成了几种选择
but it's a very basic choice out there in the real world.

但它实际上是现实生活中很基本的问题
It's an important choice, after all,

毕竟这是个重要的选择问题
what keeps the economy running is the ability of lenders

经济正常运转离不开贷方向企业发放贷款
to lend money to businesses that then invest them profitability,

企业得到贷款进行投资才能获利
and are able to make returns.

贷方才能得到收益
So this underlies a whole bunch of stuff going on in the economy.

这涉及到了经济的方方面面