来自《哈佛大学公共课-公正：该如何做是好第2集》

which is used by companies and by governments all the time.

一再被企业和政府运用
And what it involves is placing a value,

其做法包括作出估价
usually a dollar value, to stand for utility

通常是估计出金额来代表功利
on the costs and the benefits of various proposals.

即分别列出成本和各项收益的金额
Recently, in the Czech Republic,

最近捷克共和国
there was a proposal to increase the excise tax on smoking.

有一个增加香烟消费税的提案
Philip Morris, the tobacco company,

烟草公司菲利普·莫里斯公司
does huge business in the Czech Republic.

在捷克共和国的生意做得很大
They commissioned a study,

他们资助了一项研究
a cost-benefit analysis of smoking in the Czech Republic,

进行在捷克吸烟的成本效益分析
and what their cost-benefit analysis found was

分析结果显示
the government gains by having Czech citizens smoke.

让捷克人民吸烟能让政府获利